Category: History

Milton Water Power in 1885

By Muriel Bristol (Transcriber) | November 7, 2018

The following 1885 description of water power on the Salmon Falls River is extracted from a larger report compiled for the entire country. It was created as a part of the Tenth (1880) Federal Census. This extract begins at East Rochester and moves upstream to Milton Mills, with some consideration of the tributaries of the Salmon Fall River above Milton Mills.

At East Rochester is the next improved power on the river, that of the Cocheco Woolen Manufacturing Company. The dam is of wood, 10½ feet high, founded on ledge, ponding the water only about 1,400 feet to the dam above. The fall used is 10½ feet at mill No. 3, situated at the dam, and using 50 horse-power, while at mills No. 1 and No. 2, to which the water is led by a canal 700 feet long and 20 feet wide, the fall is 16½ feet and the power some 150 (?) horse power. Full capacity can be secured at all times excepting sometimes on Saturday, when the Great Falls Company shut the reservoirs above, in which case mill No. 3 is run by steam. Water generally runs over the dam day and night.

At the head of the pond last mentioned is a second privilege owned by the same company, with a wooden dam 8 feet high, ponding the water 2 miles, and affording power for a saw- and grist-mill, with a fall of 8 feet. The further development of this power is talked of. 

A short distance above this privilege is the site of a woolen-mill, which was burned in 1882. The fall was 8 feet, with a canal a third of a mile long.

The next power is a saw- and grist-mill, 1½ mile below Milton, the fall being 11 feet with a dam 8 feet high. Between this power and the one below there is said to be a small fall once used, but now idle. It is probably of no importance.

Between the last power and Milton Three ponds is the largest fall on the river, amounting probably to not less than 120 feet in 1½ mile, and some 200 feet in 3 miles. (a) The fall is continuous, over ledges of solid rock, the banks being also very rocky and sometimes steep. This entire fall is controlled by the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, and is only utilized by a small mill at the outlet of the ponds. Of this large fall a considerable portion could be utilized, though it is impossible to say how much. As regards building dams, no difficulty would be experienced, but it might sometimes be difficult to find good locations for mills and canals, on account of the toughness of the banks. At the “flume” there is a fall of about 15 feet in 100 feet, the width of the stream being very small; and above it there is an equal fall in as short a distance. A short distance above, the Great Falls company has erected a dam and a mill, the dam being of wood about 16 feet high, and only about 30 or 40 feet long, between cliffs of rock. The mill has never been used, and no wheel has been put in. The fall is 16 feet. Above the dam there is a fall of 15 feet, or thereabout, to the foot of the dam at the outlet of the ponds, which is 16 feet high. The fall here is used by a small excelsior mill a short distance below the dam, using a fall of 14 feet when the ponds are full, with about 25 horse-power, and only running about ten months. 

Any estimate of the power available at this place is very uncertain, because it depends entirely upon the manner in which the reservoirs are operated by the Great Falls Company. To judge from the amount of power below, I should say that a power of 12 horse-power per foot fall could be depended upon at all times, if it could be all used during working hours. The reservoirs, however, are often closed on Saturday, so that they may partly fill up, and the supply is drawn from Mast Point pond during that day, the reservoirs being opened again on Monday morning. If mills should be located, therefore, on this fall, they might not be able to run on Saturday, while at other times the supply of water would be excessive. Similar disadvantages are always experienced by mills located near reservoirs which are controlled in the interest of mills situated far below. Not only would there probably be a lack of water on Saturday, but during other days there would always be a waste at night, for while the Ponds are open they are allowed to flow night and day; and as there are no facilities for storing water at night within the distance occupied by the fall referred to, there would be no possibility of concentrating the power into working hours. These or similar considerations have perhaps been those which have prevented the utilization of the power, which is favorably situated, within easy reach of the railroad, and with building materials close at hand.

The next power above Milton Three ponds is at Milton mills, where there are several dams, and above which the fall is rapid all the way to the source of the river. The lowest dam is owned by the Waumbeck Manufacturing Company, and the power is leased, being used by a woolen-mill and a felt-mill, one with a fall of 8 feet and 36 horsepower, and the other with a fall of 10 feet and 60 horse power. Full capacity can only be obtained during out nine or ten months, as the water is drawn from Great East pond in such a way as to cause a lack of water during a few months. The next dam is that supplying the woolen-mill of the Waumbeck Company. It is 14 feet high, the fall is 14 feet, and the power 75 horse-power, steam-power being in reserve. The next dam is of stone, 15 feet high, with flash-boards and supplies Buffum’s felt-mill, the fall being 15 feet and the power being 60 horse-power, steam-power being in reserve to the same extent. Above this is a reservoir belonging to the Waumbeck Company, the dam (called the Hooper dam) being of stone and from 15 to 18 feet high. The reservoir holds about one day’s supply. The next above is an unutilized privilege, called the “Jewett” privilege, once used by a small mill. The fall was about 12 feet, but it is said that 18 feet or more could be obtained. Above it is a second reservoir of the Waumbeck Company, the dam being of stone, 8 feet high, and the pond (known as Roe pond) holding about twenty-four hours’ storage. Above it are some saw mills, one at the dam at the outlet of Horn pond. There is no fall not utilized on this part of the stream, excepting that at the Jewett privilege. The mills, however, are obliged to have steam-power in reserve, on account of the intermittent flow from the reservoirs. 

The tributaries of the Salmon Falls river are not of much consequence. Of those from New Hampshire the only one to be mentioned is Branch river, which rises in Cook’s pond and empties into Three Ponds. At Union Village there are four mills on this stream running all the year. Of the tributaries from Maine the only one to be mentioned is Great Works river, which empties just below South Berwick, at the head of tide-water. It is a small stream, draining only about 92 square miles, and its flow is not very constant. It has one artificial reservoir, known as Bonny Bigg pond, covering about 500 acres – according to Wells, 1,600 acres – from which 8 or 10 feet may be drawn. At the mouth of the river is a saw- and grist-mill, with a dam 12 feet high, using a fall of 14 feet. The power available is probably about 65 horse-power net at its minimum during eleven hours. Less than a mile above this site there was formerly a dam, with a fall of about 18 feet, the privilege being now idle. It belongs to the Newichawanick Company, which owns the mills just above, and it would probably afford a power of 80 horse-power net during working hours, when the flow is at its minimum, and considerably more during the greater part of the year. Just above, or about a mile above the mouth of the stream, at Newichawanick falls, are the two dams of the Newichawanick Company, one 22 feet high, affording a fall of 29 feet, with 90 horse-power all the time, and the other 13 feet high, affording a fall of 17 feet, with 80 horse-power. These powers are excellent in almost every respect, and are in close proximity to several railroads. The gross power available during the low season of dry years is probably not less than 7 or 8 horse-power per foot fall, and during ordinary years 10 or over. During nine months probably twice as much could be utilized. Above this there are no powers worth describing.

The following tables give the power utilized on the coast streams of New Hampshire, compiled from the returns, and the drainage areas of the principal streams:

Table of drainage areas of the coast streams of New Hampshire

  • Exeter river [Stream; Tributary to] Great bay [Above what point] Exeter [Drainage area] 113 [Sq. miles]
  • Lamprey river [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Newmarket [Drainage area] 210 [Sq. miles]
  • Oyster river [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Mouth [Drainage area] 20 [Sq. miles]
  • Bellamy river [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] do [Drainage area] 30 [Sq. miles]
  • Cocheco river [Stream; Tributary to] Piscataqua river [Above what point] Dover [Drainage area] 183 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Gonic [Drainage area] 90 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Rochester [Drainage area] 72 [Sq. miles]
  • Salmon Falls river [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Berwick [Drainage area] 242 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Salmon Falls [Drainage area] 240 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Great Falls [Drainage area] 231 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] East Rochester [Drainage area] 140 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Milton Three ponds [Drainage area] 123 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] Milton mills [Drainage area] 34 [Sq. miles]
  • Little river [Stream; Tributary to] Salmon Falls river [Above what point] Mouth [Drainage area] 60 [Sq. miles]
  • Great Works river [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] do [Drainage area] 92 [Sq. miles]
  • Salmon Falls river [Stream; Tributary to] Piscataqua river [Above what point] Berwick [Drainage area] a123 [Sq. miles]
  • Do [Stream; Tributary to] do [Above what point] do [Drainage area] b119 [Sq. miles]

a In Maine; b in New Hampshire

Another interesting table follows – Table of powers utilized on the coast streams of New Hampshire – which is beyond my power to represent. You may find it in the source listed in the References below.

Compare with Milton Water Power in 1901

References:

Swain, George F. (1885). Reports of the Water-Power of the United States, Part I. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=ob5NAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA67

Milton Businesses in 1884

By Muriel Bristol (Transcriber) | November 5, 2018

Here is extracted the Milton (including Milton Mills) entry from the New Hampshire Register, State Year-book and Legislative Manual, for 1884.

In this year the number of ice merchants increased from one to three.

MILTON, STRAFFORD. Pop. 1,516. N.E. fr. С., 40; N.W. fr. Dover, 20. R.R.S. [Railroad Station], Milton, on Ports., Gt. Falls & Conway R.R.; for Milton Mills, Union, 4 т., connects twice daily by stage.

OFFICERS – Clerk, C.H. Looney; Treas., Ira Miller; Selectmen, Geo. Lyman, J.U. Simes, W.H.H. Pinkham; Supts., Miss Lizzie Lyman, W.E. Pillsbury.

Postmasters – C.H. Looney; West, T.F. Canney. 

Justices [of the Peace] – E.W. Fox, M.V.В. Cook, C.С. Hayes, В.F. Avery, Luther Hayes, В.В. Plummer, State; J.S. Hersey, Ira Miller, Jon. Plummer. 

Churches – Chris. D.В. Goodwin; Cong. Geo. Sterling; F. Bap. ___Waldron.

Exp. & Tel. Ag’t – Daniel Cockery. 

Hotels & Livery Stables – Riverside House, C.H. Downs, Phenix House, H.G. Wentworth.

Literary Institution – Milton Classical Institute, Fred A. Chase.

Manufacturers – blacksmiths, I.W. Duntley; builder, E.H. Hursome; excelsior, S.M. Bragdon; lumber, Luther Hayes, Scates & Lyman, Wentworth & Plummer; L. Plummer, p.о. ad., Union; woolens and blankets, I.W. Springfield & Son. 

Merchants – J.F. Hart, J.D. Willey, Looney & Downes; fancy goods, Mrs. Ira S. Knox, Mrs. J.F. Hart; ice, Granite State Ice Company, Lynn Ice Co., Boston Union Ice Co.; millinery, Alta Knox.

Physician – ___ Wallace.

Milton Mills – Postmaster & Ex. Agent, E.W. Fox. 

Churches – Adv., Joseph Spinney; Cong., G.S. Butler; F. Bap., F. Mansur; Meth., J.T. Davis. 

Hotels & Livery Stables – Central House, С. Remick; Centennial House, J.W. Prescott. 

Manufacturers – builders, A.B. Shaw, A.A. Fox, J.F. Titcomb, E.S. Simes; carriages, John Brackett, A.О. Prescott; clothing, F.E. Stevens & Bros; coffins and caskets, A.A. Fox; doors, sash and blinds, Wormwood & Shaw; flannels, Waumbeck Manuf’g Co.; felt cloth, piano and table covers, D.H. Buffum & Co.; harnesses, A. Sanborn; picture frames, E. Deardin; plows, W.F. Cutts; soap, S.G. Chamberlain; woolen goods, H.H. Townsend; washing powder, O.T. Fox. 

Merchants – Asa Fox & Son, A.A. Fox & Co., J.U. Simes, Ira Miller; carriages, J.F. & G.E. Hart; confectionery, J. McGibbon, W.F. Hargraves; boots and shoes, J.W. Hanson; coffins and caskets, J. Brackett; dry goods, G.S. Lovering, F. Roberts; drugs and medicines, W.H. Fassett; fancy goods, Miss M.A. Berry, Louis Marxshon; fish, J.F. Archibald, E. Trefethen; furniture, Wormwood & Shaw; flour, grain, lumber, etc., S.H. Atkins; groceries, F.H. Lowd, J. Lewis, E.J. Brierley, O.H. Hussey; jewelry, E.T. Libbey; merchant tailor, B.F. Albee; millinery, Augusta Berry; millinery and fancy goods, Mrs. J.W. Prescott; periodicals, E.W. Fox, J. McGibbon; provisions, С.S. Lowd, J.E. Hayes; stoves and tin ware, Murray Bros. 

Miscellaneous – conveyancer, claim and collection agent, E.W. Fox; nurseryman, John Copp; machinist, E. Osgood; job printer, E.T. Libbey. 

Physicians – J.С Buck, C.W. Gross, M.K. Cowell, W.E. Pillsbury; dentist, E.G. Reynolds.

The Boston Globe reported the failure, i.e. bankruptcy, of Henry H. Townsend’s woolen goods mill this year:

Business Embarrassments. H.H. Townsend, blanket manufacturer, Milton, N.H., has failed (Boston Globe, August 29, 1884).

Previous in sequence: Milton Businesses in 1882; next in sequence: Milton Businesses in 1887.

References:

White River Paper Co. (1884). New Hampshire Register, State Year-book and Legislative Manual, for 1884. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=rZUBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA115

Milton Mills Oyster Fritters Recipe of 1895

By Muriel Bristol (Transcriber) | November 4, 2018

The following recipe was published in the Boston Globe in 1895. It was submitted by Mrs. J.L. of Milton Mills, NH.

Oyster Fritters

Take 25 oysters, 1 cup of milk, 2 eggs, 1 teaspoon of salt, 2 dashes of black pepper, 2 cups of flour, ½ teaspoon of baking powder; 

Drain the oysters and strip them with your fingers to remove any pieces of shell;

Chop them fine and beat them all together until light;

Add to them the milk, then the flour and salt until perfectly smooth;

Add the oysters free from all liquor and the baking powder;

Drop by spoonfuls in hot fat;

When light brown, take out and put on a piece of paper in a dish.

Some one please try these; they are delicious.

Milton Mills, N.H. Mrs. J.L.

The original was printed as a single paragraph. It is here broken into lines at the semi-colons for readability.

There seemed to be only one candidate with the right initials in Milton Mills Village in the Twelfth (1900) Federal Census.

That would have been Mrs. Jennie N. (Stevens) Lovering. She was born in Brookfield, NH, circa 1865, daughter of Plummer G. and Lydia Stevens. She married in Milton, March 13, 1895, George S. Lovering. She died in Milton, NH, March 26, 1901, aged only thirty-five years.

There were one or more fish stores in Milton Mills and J.U. Simes even once listed himself as selling oysters.

Answers. Of the many recipes I have taken from The Globe, I wish to thank, especially, Bertha of Melrose for soft gingerbread, A.M.K. of East Harwich for egg omelet, Mrs. J.L. of Milton Mills, N.H., for oyster fritters, and S.F.P. of Chelsea for graham gems. I have not the dates of the above, so cannot give them. Mrs. R.P.M. Lynn (Boston Globe, April 2, 1895).

References:

Boston Globe. (1895, February 14). Oyster Fritters. Boston, MA: Boston Globe.

Milton Mills Shoe Strike of 1889

By Muriel Bristol (Transcriber) | November 1, 2018

A Boston Globe news article about the commencement of the Milton Mills shoe industry strike of November 18, 1889.

The older spelling of employé or employe instead of the modern employee is not an error. Note too the practice of breaking a sentence in the middle to make a part of it a heading.

Milton Mills had a good water-power source, but it was four or five miles by wagon from the railhead at Union. That would have meant a rather high additional transport cost for both raw materials and finished goods. Note that the wealthier residents of Milton purchased an existing factory in 1888 and gave it to the Varney & Lane company free of charge. A majority of the town residents voted to exempt the firm from all taxation for a period of ten years. These would seem to have been rather substantial levels of “encouragement.”

SOLES MADE FROM SOULS

Stories of Cheap Work at Milton Mills, N.H.

Big Meeting of Malcontents Opened by Fervent Prayer.

Knights of Labor Endorse Henry George’s Land Theories in Substance.

MILTON MILLS, N.H., Nov. 18 – Seldom, if ever, has any meeting of a trade union in the United States, called to inaugurate a strike, been opened with a prayer by a minister of the gospel. Such was the case with the public meeting of the local union of the Boot and Shoeworkers’ International Union last evening in Fox’s Hall. The purpose of the meeting was to ascertain how much support the citizens of the town would render the union members employed at Varney & Lane’s shoe factory in case there should be any trouble. This firm when it came there, was furnished a factory free of rent and exempted from taxation for 10 years.

One of the wealthiest and most prominent citizens of the town, Freeman Stevens, acted as chairman and introduced Rev. Charles Atkins, who offered a prayer for the success of the movement.

Harry C. Moulton of the executive board of the international organization, who

Organized the Union

a month ago, was the principal speaker. He stated that “the shoe workers of Milton Mills were receiving the very lowest prices for shoemaking in the United States. Even convicts in the Lawrence jail received more. Either Milton Mills prices must be advanced or else prices in other sections of New England must be lowered.”

Mr. Stevens, the chairman, said that he hoped the union would be successful in the attempt to get an advance in wages. If this firm would not pay as much as it competitors on the same grade of work then he would give as much money to help the firm move out of town as he subscribed to get it to come here.

Mr. Brierly, a woolen manufacturer and formerly part-owner of the factory occupied by Varney & Lane said that he would rather see the factory empty then have the young people continue at work in the factory at such low wages. Many of the latter have given from four to six weeks’ labor to this firm for nothing.

The difference in wages between this firm and those paid in other towns was ascertained by the citizens and employes writing to shoe manufacturers and employes in other places and finding out the prices paid. When they began to compare prices paid by this firm’s competitors with those paid in this town the indignation began to grow until it resulted in this meeting. There is now some talk of reconsidering the vote of the town by which the firm was granted exemption from taxation.

The union at a business meeting after the public meeting, instructed Mr. Moulton to present a new price list to the firm, which means an advance of from 10 to CO [SIC] per cent. In case the firm refused to grant it he was authorized to order a strike. Every employe is a member of the union, and all will walk out if the advance is not granted.

Mr. Moulton told the writer today that this case is of national importance. Every shoe firm in the United States is

More or Less Interested.

This firm made 3000 cases of shoes this year and sold its product from $3.60 to $10 a case less than any other firm, thus demoralizing the market. Whenever any manufacturer in New England running country shops was asked to increase the wages of his employes he always pointed to Milton Mills and asked why that firm was not called on to increase wages first, as they were so much lower.

“The prices here are way down to bed rock,” said Mr. Moulton. “Now that this firm is coming up there is some prospect of other firms in New England also increasing wages. We think we have at last solved the problem of country shops by rounding up on the very lowest scale of wages paid for shoemaking in New England. The firms of Morgan & Dore of Richmond, Me., Kimball Brothers of Gardiner, Me., C.B. Lancaster & Co. of Pittsfield, N.H., Hollis & Co. of Bumstead [Barnstead], N.H., Bartlett Shoe Co. of Laconia, N.H., and Cropley & Munroe of Wolfeboro, N.H., as well as other firms in other localities, will cease to be sufferers from the underselling made possible by the extremely low wages formerly paid for labor by this firm. In fact the whole shoe trade of New England will be benefited by the rise in wages which is sure to come.”

The feeling of the people of this place is such that if the firm attempts to fight the union and bring in outside shoemakers the latter will not be able to get board, food, or any other of the necessaries of life. Nearly everyone who subscribed money to buy the factory, to present rent free to the firm, is willing to subscribe as much to help the union members in this struggle. The young men and women employed are farmers sons and daughters living at home. They are thus well provided with the necessaries of life and comfortable homes, and so are in a condition to stand a long siege (Boston Globe, November 19, 1889).

Eighty Shoe Workers on Strike

Milton Mills, N.H., November 21. – As a result of the demand of the Shoeworkers’ Union for more wages and the refusal of the firm of Varney & Lane to grant the increase, the employes struck today. About 80 men and women are out, and the factory is deserted except by two boys and a few girls in the stitching room. When Harry C. Moulton of the general executive board of the Boot and Shoe Workers’ International Union, acting in the capacity of agent of the local union, presented the price list to the firm at its office in Lynn, he was informed by Mr. Lane that his firm could not pay the prices and would remove their business to Lynn. A soon as the union was informed of this they quit work.

The citizens of the place are generally much excited over this affair (Boston Globe, November 22, 1889).

They Want Fair Treatment

Concerning the labor troubles at Milton Mills, N.H., E.J. Brierly writes to THE GLOBE: “The strike has been precipitated by the change of superintendents, but the underlying cause is the ridiculously low prices paid by Messrs’ Varney & Lane, which are not as high as in other country shops for the same kind of work. Nothing is known of any threats against Mr. and Mrs. Rockwell. The statement that “such a sentiment has been developed as to compel the firm to remove from town” is wrong. They have the support of the majority of the citizens when they located at Milton Mills $3000 was subscribed for them and they were aided in many ways. The citizens are now ready to meet with the principals and if it can be shown that the wages they have paid are as stated it will be found that the citizens will rally to their support. All that is asked is simple justice by the people who contributed both their saving and labor in starting the shop (Boston Globe, November 22, 1889).

C.W. VARNEY & CO.’S RETURN. Explanation by the Firm and Action of the Lynn Boot and Shoe Council. Lynn, Mass., Nov. 22. C.W. Varney & Co., shoe manufacturers, who have for nearly a year been conducting business in Milton Mills, N.H., have decided to bring their work back to Lynn, and will, in connection with the brick block on Broad street, occupy the wooden factory on Box place, formerly occupied by M.F. Donovan. One of the firm says: “In comparing our prices paid at Milton Mills, N.H., with those of Lynn, we have only to say we went into the country to manufacture a cheap grade of shoes, in order to offer to our trade a line such as is made in Maine and New Hampshire by our competitors. Realizing how long it takes to overcome and live down a prejudice, we have firmly decided to remove our country business to Lynn, without the slightest idea of ever attempting to manufacture again in the country. Our factory plant, one of the finest in New Hampshire, is for sale.” The Lynn Boot and Shoe Council held its meeting last evening, and the matter of C.W. Varney & Co. bringing its work back to Lynn from Milton Mills, N.H., was discussed, and it was decided to give to the members of the council and the general public the position of the council on matters of this kind, while the council, representing the different shoe organizations of Lynn attached to N.S.A., 216, are heartily in accord with any legitimate endeavor to bring back to Lynn any of the works that left here, they are not in accord with the desire of any manufacturer to bring his work here temporarily in order to defeat the ends of organized labor in the county shops (Boston Globe, November 22, 1889).

STAY THERE AFTER ALL

Strike Settling Down – Union and K. of L. Appreciate Each Other

MILTON MILLS, N.H., Nov. 22. It is more than possible that in the next 24 hours the strike in Varney & Lane’s factory will be settled. Negotiations looking to that end are now in progress between representatives of the union and the firm. Much satisfaction is expressed over the action of the Lynn Boot and Shoe Council, which is composed principally of Knights of Labor, in stating to the manufacturers that they did not believe in any manufacturer removing his work to Lynn temporarily in order to defeat organized labor in country shoe shops.

These two organizations, the K. of L. and union shoemakers, were formally not in perfect harmony, but the union men express warm approval of this square dealing (Boston Globe, November 23, 1889).

Varney & Lane and its striking employees came to an agreement on Monday, December 23, 1889.

Settled Their Difficulties. Dover, N.H., Dec. 24. – The trouble between Varney & Lane, shoe manufacturers, of Milton, N.H., and their employes was settled Monday, and an agreement signed to remain in force until Jan. 23, 1891. It reinstates the old help and increases prices from 20 to 25 per cent. The event was celebrated with a band, parade, speeches and a banquet ((Decatur, IL) Morning Review. December 25, 1889).

An Advance for the Lasters. DOVER, N.H., Dec. 21. The difficulty in the shoe shop at Milton Mills has been adjusted. The lasters have been granted an advance of 15 per cent, and have returned to work. This will be followed by a proportionate advance of prices in other departments (Pike County Dispatch, December 26, 1889).

Moulton’s Side

In a lengthy article of a month later regarding strikes in Portland and Freeport, ME, the union organizer, Harry C. Moulton, was asked “What success did you have in settling the labor trouble at Milton mills?”

To which Moulton replied:

All settled and signed until June. The strike was on for five weeks and resulted in a complete victory for the union. Last evening the town was ablaze with excitement. We had a flag raising, a meeting with speeches from prominent citizens, and a banquet followed by a dance (Boston Globe, December 24, 1889).

Epilogue

Prior to the June expiration of the December settlement Varney & Lane put the Milton Mills factory, along with its tax privilege, up for sale:

BUSINESS CHANCES. FOR SALE. Large shoe factory, at Milton Mills, N.H., with or without machinery; the finest plant in the state, at a shoe centre; capacity 75 cases per day; excellent water power; 65-horse power engine; automatic sprinklers, summer and winter boilers, steam heat, elevator, and all modern improvements; with the above are 10 tenements and 15 acres land; business exempt from taxation for a period of years; will sell all the above property at a low price. Apply to SILSBEE & GEER, 10 Andrew st., Lynn, Mass. (Boston Globe, April 30, 1890).

References:

Boston Globe. (1889, November 19). Soles Made from Souls. Boston, MA: Boston Globe.

Boston Globe. (1889, November 21). Eighty Shoe Workers on Strike. Boston, MA: Boston Globe.

Boston Globe. (1889, November 21). They Want Fair Treatment. Boston, MA: Boston Globe.

Boston Globe. (1889, November 23). Strike Settling Down. Boston, MA: Boston Globe.

Boston Globe. (1889, December 24). Moulton’s Side. Boston, MA: Boston Globe.

Boston Globe. (1890, April 30). Business Chances. Boston, MA: Boston Globe.

Mrs. DeMerritt’s Arbutus

By Muriel Bristol | November 3, 2018

A hundred years ago:Trailing Arbutus

Donations Received for the Year 1918-19. From Individuals. DeMerritt, Mrs. M.A., Milton, N.H., 3 boxes of arbutus in individual bunches for distribution to patients (NE Hospital, September 30, 1919).

Mrs. Musetta A. (Dorr) DeMerritt, was the wife of Berthold I. DeMerritt, who was a foreman in a Milton shoe factory. They resided on Silver Street in 1920.

“So shines a good deed in a weary world.”

References:

New England Hospital. (1919, September 30). Fifty-Seventh Annual Report of the New England Hospital for Women and Children, Its Training School for Nurses, and Dispensary. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=txfPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA49

New Hampshire Wildflowers (John D. Cameron). Trailing Arbutus. Retrieved from nhwildflowers.org/trailing-arbutus.php

Milton Businesses in 1882

By Muriel Bristol (Transcriber) | November 3, 2018

Here is extracted the Milton (including Milton Mills) entry from the New Hampshire Register, State Year-book and Legislative Manual, for 1882.

MILTON, STRAFFORD. Pop. 1,516. N.E. fr. C., 40; N.W. fr. Dover, 20. R.R.S.[Railroad Station], Milton, on Ports., Gt. Falls & Conway, R.R.; for Milton Mills, Union, 4 m., connects twice daily by stage. 

OFFICERS – Clerk, C.H. Looney; Treas., Ira Miller; Selectmen, H.B. Scates, D. Wallingford, Elbridge W. Fox; Supts., J.U. Simes, H.P. Pitcher.

Postmasters – C.H. Looney; West, T.F. Canney. 

Justices [of the Peace] – Luther Hayes, C.H. Looney, E.W. Fox, M.V.B. Cook, B.F. Avery, C.C. Hayes, State; J.U. Sims, Joseph Plummer, B.B. Plummer, J.H. Hersey, Ira Miller, Geo. Lyman, J.F. Hart.

Churches – Chris., D.B. Goodwin; Cong., __ __; F. Bap., C.L. Plumer.

Exp. & Tel. Ag’t – Daniel Cockery. 

Physician – H.F. Pitcher. 

Hotels & Livery Stables – Riverside House, C.H. Downs; Glen House, H.G. Wentworth.

Literary Institution – Milton Classical Institute, A.E. Cowell.

Manufacturers – boots and shoes, Wilson & Morgan; excelsior, J.H. Avery & Co.; shoe boxes, Chas. H. Hayes; shoe knives, J.H. Duntley; lumber, Luther Hayes, Scates & Lyman, Wentworth & Plummer, H.V. Wentworth & Son; L. Plummer, p.o. ad. Union. 

Mechanics – blacksmiths, H. Duntly & Son, N.B. Varney; carpenters, Joseph Mathes, E.H. Hersom, I.W. Jones, D.R. Fall, G.A. Swasey; hair dresser, ___Watson; masons, Clark Foss, Wm. F. Wentworth, G.P. Otis; painters, G.F. Hodgdon, Timothy Remick, J.Q.A. Soppin; shoemaker, George Tasker; wheelwrights, Joseph Mathes, Daniel Jenness. 

Merchants – J.F. Hart, Dan. Cockery, J.D. Willey, Looney & Downes; fancy goods, Mrs. Ira S. Knox, Mrs. J.F. Hart; ice, Granite State Ice Company; millinery, Mrs. C.M. Roberts. 

Milton Mills – Postmaster & Ex. Agent – E.W. Fox. 

Churches – Adv., C.S. Shattuck, Joseph Spinney; Cong., C.F. Goldsmith; F. Bap., H.P. Mansur; Meth., W.C. Bartlett.

Hotel & Livery Stables – Central House, C. Remick; Centennial House, J.W. Prescott.

Lawyer & Ins. Ag’t – E.F. Cloutman.

Manufacturers – carriages and wheelwrights, John Brackett, A.O. Prescott; clothing, Asa Jewett; flannels, Waumbeck Manuf’g Co.; felt cloth piano and table covers, D.H. Buffum & Co.; picture frames, E.A. Hargraves; plows, W.F. Cutts; saddle housings, L.B. Roberts; soap, S.G. Chamberlain; rubber linings, table and piano covers, Townsend & Co.; washing powder, E.J. Brierley. 

Mechanics – blacksmiths, Ebenezer Osgood, Nathaniel Rines, S.F. Rines, S.R. Runnells, John W. Brierley; carpenters, J.F. Titcomb, E.S. Simes, A.A. Fox, S. Hooper, A.B. Shaw, H. Wentworth, O. Wentworth, G.E. Simes, O.T. Fox; dress makers, Cora Lord, Mrs. Jewett; dyer, J.H. Whiteside; hair dresser, E.A. Hargraves; hair worker, Mrs. E.W. Balentine; harness makers, A. Sanborn & Son, Wm. H. Jones; masons, J.G. Rines, Wm. Miller; (stone) E. Richards; painters, E.C. Abbott, C.E. Drew, J.R. Butler; photographer, F.R. Baker; plummer and roofer, J.D. Villars; printer, E.T. Libbey; shoemakers, G.W. Merrill, W. Otterway, J.H. Charnley, John W. Hanson; tailor, B.F. Allbee; undertaker, J. Brackett. 

Merchants – Asa Fox & Son, A.A. Fox & Co., J.U. Simes, Ira Miller; carriages, J.F. & G.E. Hart; clothing, A. Jewett & Co.; confectionery, A.E. Hargraves, W.F. Hargraves; coffins, and caskets, J. Brackett; dry goods, G.S. Lovering, F. Roberts; drugs and medicines, A.W. Low; fancy goods, Miss M.A. Berry; fish, J.F. Archibald, E. Trefethen; groceries, F.H. Lowd, J. Lewis, E.J. Brierley; jewelry, E.T. Libbey; millinery, Augusta Berry; millinery and fancy goods, Mrs. J.W. Prescott; periodicals, E.W. Fox, E.A. Hargraves; provisions, C.S. Lowd, J.E. Hayes; stoves and tin ware, Murray Bros. 

Miscellaneous – conveyancer, claim and collection agent, E.W. Fox; nurseryman, John Copp.

Physicians – J.C. Buck, C.W. Gross, M.K. Cowell, W.E. Pillsbury; dentist, E.G. Reynolds.

The Boston Globe reported the tragic death of Mrs. Susan A. Foss in a Milton snow storm on Wednesday, December 13, 1882.

HER LAST SHOPPING. A Woman Frozen to Death in a Snow Storm Near Milton, N.H. MILTON, N.H., December 16. Mrs. Moses W. Foss walked about two miles to this place to do some trading Wednesday afternoon in a snow storm. She attempted to return in a deep and blinding storm, and had nearly reached there, when, overcome by exhaustion, she fell down and perished. She leaves three small children. Her husband was out of town (Boston Globe, December 16, 1882).

Moses W. Foss married in Wakefield, NH, November 13, 1878, Susan A. (Sanborn) Goodwin. She was born in Wakefield, NH, circa 1855-56, daughter of Goodwin and Hannah Sanborn.

Moses W. Foss, a laborer, aged thirty-seven years (born NH) headed a Lebanon, ME, household at the time of the Tenth (1880) Federal Census. His household included his wife, Susan A. Foss, keeping house, aged twenty-five years (born ME), his son-in-law [step-son], Charles W. Goodwin, at home, aged six years (born NH), and James H. Foss, at home, aged one year (born NH).

Previous in sequence: Milton Businesses in 1881; next in sequence: Milton Businesses in 1884.

References:

White River Paper Co. (1882). New Hampshire Register, State Year-book and Legislative Manual, for 1882. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=rOsWAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA124

Grand Opening of Ray’s Marina

By Muriel Bristol | November 1, 2018

The Portsmouth Herald of April 26, 1963 had an advertisement for Ray’s Sunoco & Sport Shop, which was situated on NH Route 16 [899 Central Avenue] in Dover, NH, “Next to DAN’S Super Market.” The advertisement also mentioned the Grand Opening May 1 of Ray’s Marina, Rte. 16, Milton Three Ponds, Milton, N.H.

Ray’s Sunoco Service Station appeared in an April 1956 advertisement of Leading Merchants that gave Top Value Stamps as a part of their transactions. A sufficient number of stamps might be redeemed for various consumer products.

Ray’s Sunoco put on a three-day boat show at the Dover Armory, March 31-April 2, 1961. It advertised boats at the service station in April 1962.

It can be inferred that Ray had originally a Sunoco service station, then a Sunoco service station and sports shop, in Dover, NH, which he then transferred or expanded to the site of the Milton railroad station in Milton, NH. (The railroad station ceased taking passengers as of June 1, 1958).

The following advertisement for an All Family Boat Show appeared in the Portsmouth Herald of May 5, 1963. Apparently, this represented an extended part of the previously advertised Grand Opening of May 1, 1963.

PH830505-Ray's Marina

Top Value Stamps included Ray’s Sunoco, Central Avenue, Dover, N.H, among their Leading Merchants in an advertisement of June 10, 1964, but apparently not thereafter.

Ray’s Marina & RV remained active on White Mountain Highway in Milton, NH, for nearly fifty years, closing its doors in 2012.

References:

Portsmouth Herald. (1956, April 2). The Leading Merchants Listed Below Give Top Value Stamps. Portsmouth, NH: Portsmouth Herald.

Portsmouth Herald. (1961, March 30). Ray’s Sunoco Boat Show at Dover Armory. Portsmouth, NH: Portsmouth Herald.

Portsmouth Herald. (1963, April 26). Ray’s Sunoco & Sport Shop. Portsmouth, NH: Portsmouth Herald

Portsmouth Herald. (1963, May 5). All Family Boat Show at Ray’s Marina. Portsmouth, NH: Portsmouth Herald

Portsmouth Herald. (1964, June 10). 100 Extra Top Value Stamps. Portsmouth, NH: Portsmouth Herald.

Milton and Abolitionism

By Muriel Bristol (Transcriber) | November 1, 2018

Representative Caleb Cushing (1800-1879) of Massachusetts presented “sundry memorials,” i.e., petitions, to the US House of Representatives, October 9, 1837. The petitions opposed the annexation of Texas. Among them was one “Of Elizabeth P. Jones and 123 other women of Milton.” They did not wish Texas to join the U.S. as another slave state.

In February or March, 1838, “Sarah W. Ricker, and 97 others, women of Milton, N.H.,” and “Mary Goldsmith, and 59 others, women of Milton Mills, N.H.,” signed memorandum, i.e., petitions, opposing the U.S. House of Representatives resolution of the 21st of December, 1837 (The Liberator, June 15, 1838). They were opposing the so-called House “gag rule”:

Resolved, that all petitions, memorials and papers touching the abolition of slavery or the buying, selling, or transferring of slaves in any state, district or territory of the United States be laid upon the table without being debated, printed, read or refined and that no further action whatsoever shall be had thereon.

Isaac Worster, of Milton, NH, stepped up in 1844, when there was some doubt whether the anti-slavery Herald of Freedom could continue to publish with their worn-out type and press.

In the next Herald of Feb. 19, Isaac Worster, in a letter to the General Agent of the Society, writes: You will consider me accountable for $25, towards the press. … If another press is needed when this is worn out, you will do me the favor to call &c (The Liberator, December 27, 1844).

He donated $2 to the same anti-slavery cause, via Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society agent Parker Pillsbury, in 1851. It was later said of him that he

… was a prominent man in Strafford county, N.H., for many years, where he was closely connected with the Abolition party, was firm and outspoken in his views against slavery, and was the personal friend and counselor of many of the noted leaders of the anti-slavery movement at a time when it required strong moral stamina and some personal risk to defend his convictions (Reno, 1901).

Isaac Worster and his family lived in West Milton, where he was a hoe and foils manufacturer in 1850. (He lived near Luther Hayes).

Stephen S. “S.S.” Foster, of Worcester, MA, made a round of collections for the benefit of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society in the spring of 1853. He received

From Charlotte Roberts, of Danversport [Mass.], $10:00; the Essex County A.S. [Anti-Slavery Society], $5; Benjamin Chase, of Auburn, NH, $2; a collection at do. [Auburn, NH], $6; Amos Chase, do. [Auburn, NH], $1; collection at Canterbury, N.H., $4.50; at South Weare, N.H., $2.25; Haverhill, $15.48; Geo. W. Lee, do. [Haverhill], $1; D.P. Harmon, do., [Haverhill], $5; at Parker’s Falls, N.H., $1.33; at Milton, N.H., $3.09; J.C. White, Farmington, do. [N.H.], $1; at Great Falls, do., $2.77; Margaret Ham, do. [Great Falls, N.H.], $1; Daniel Emerson, Lee, do. [N.H.], $1; Jonathan Cortland, do. [Lee, N.H.], $1; A.M. Tolman, Portland [Me.], 50c; N.A. Foster, do. [Portland, Me.], $3; Dr. R. Shackford, do. [Portland, Me.], $3; Ruth H. Morrill, do. [Portland, Me.], $5. – $74.92.

Samuel Philbrick, Treasurer of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, included these collected sums in his account dated Brookline, Mass., June 1, 1853.

The Milton, N.H. donation of $3.09 was from a group, probably a church group, before whom the well-known S.S. Foster may have spoken.  (His wife, Abby Kelly Foster, was the more famous speaker).

The session of the [1854 Massachusetts] Anti-Slavery Convention yesterday was thinly attended, and the proceedings were excessively tame. In the afternoon, after a few remarks from Rev. Mr. STETSON, of Medford, S.S. FOSTER took the floor, and made quite a long, rambling speech, in which with characteristic boldness, he assailed the Free-Soil party as traitors to liberty and the rights of man (NY Times, 1854).

The Fosters’ Worcester, MA, farm (“Liberty Farm”) was a station on the underground railroad. Nute Ridge was said to be also such a station (See Milton in the News – 1949).

In June 1854, nearly eight-tenths of the eligible voters of Milton submitted a petition to Congress seeking repeal of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.

By Telegraph. Congressional. Senate. To-day Mr. Fessenden presented a petition from the voters of Milton, N.H., the birthplace of President Pierce, praying for the repeal of the fugitive slave law. Refused (Pittsburgh Gazette, June 30, 1854).

Another speaker made a Milton stop on a Strafford County anti-slavery speaking tour in 1855.

WILLIAM W. BROWN, an Agent of the American Anti-Slavery Society will lecture as follows:

  • Great Falls, N.H., Sunday, May 20
  • Farmington, ” [N.H.], Tuesday, ” [May] 22
  • Milton Three-Ponds, [& Milton] Village, Wednesday, ” [May] 23
  • Rochester, ” [N.H.], Friday, ” [May] 25
  • S. Newmarket, ” [N.H.], Sunday, ” [May] 27 (The Liberator, May 18, 1855).

See also Milton in the News – 1838 and Milton in the News – 1854

References:

The Liberator. (1838, June 15). Memorials Against the Resolution of 21st December 1837. Boston, MA: William Lloyd Garrison

The Liberator. (1851, June 13). Treasurer’s Report, of Receipts, from April 1st to June 1st, 1851. Boston, MA: William Lloyd Garrison

The Liberator. (1853, June 17). Treasurer’s Report, of Receipts, from May 2d to June 1st, 1853. Boston, MA: William Lloyd Garrison

NY Times. (1854, June 3). Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Convention. Retrieved from www.nytimes.com/1854/06/03/archives/massachusetts-antislavery-convention.html

Reno, Conrad, and Jones, Leonard A. (1901). Memoirs of the Judiciary and the Bar of New England for the Nineteenth Century. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=kGswAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA57

US House of Representatives. (1837). Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, Being the First Session of the Twenty-Fifth Congress. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=7qIFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA163

Wikipedia. (2018, December 11). Caleb Cushing. Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caleb_Cushing

Wikipedia. (2018, June 14). Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society. Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Anti-Slavery_Society

Wikipedia. (2018, September 8). Stephen Symonds Foster. Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Symonds_Foster

YouTube. (2001). John Brown Brings His War to Harpers Ferry. Retrieved from www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1ENCqGukHU

Milton Businesses in 1881

By Muriel Bristol (Transcriber) | November 1, 2018

Here is extracted the Milton (including Milton Mills) entry from the New Hampshire Register, State Year-book and Legislative Manual, for 1881.

It may be interesting to note the unexpected continuance of the Milton Classical Institute (whose article will thus require some revision).

Also, the apparent first inclusion of an ice merchant – the Granite State Ice Company – which had incorporated itself in 1878.

MILTON, STRAFFORD – Pop 1,516. N.E. fr. C., 40. N.W. fr. Dover, 20. R.R.S. [Railroad Station], Milton, on Ports. Gt. Falls & Conway R.R.; for Milton Mills, Union, 4 m., connects twice daily by stage. 

OFFICERS – Clerk, C.H. Looney; Treas., Ira Miller; Selectmen, H.B. Scates, D. Wallingford, Elbridge W. Fox; Supts. J.U. Simes, H.P. Pitcher. 

Postmasters – C.H. Looney; West, T.F. Canney. 

Justices [of the Peace] – Luther Hayes, С.H. Looney, E.W. Fox, M.V.B. Cook, B.F. Avery, С.C. Hayes, Staff; J.U. Sims, Joseph Plummer, В.В. Plummer, J.S. Hersey, Ira Miller, Geo. Lyman, J.F. Hart. 

Churches – Chris., D.B. Goodwin; Cong., ___ ___; F. Bap, C.L. Plumer.

Exp. & Tel. Ag’t – Daniel Cockery.  Physician – H.F. Pitcher. 

Hotels & Livery Stables – Riverside House, С.H. Downs; Glendale House, H.G. Wentworth.

Literary Institution – Milton Classical Institute, A.E. Cowell.

Manufacturers – boots and shoes, Wilson A. Morgan; excelsior, J.H. Avery & Co.; shoe boxes, Chas. H. Hayes; shoe knives, J.H. Duntley; lumber, Luther Hayes, Scates & Lyman, Wentworth & Plummer, H.V. Wentworth & Son; L. Plummer, p.o. ad. Union. 

Mechanics – blacksmiths, H. Duntly & Son, N.B. Varney; carpenters, Joseph Mathes, E.H. Hersom, I.W. Jones, D.R. Fall, G.A. Swasey; hair dresser, ___ Watson; masons, Clark Foss, Wm. F. Wentworth, G.P. Otis; painter, G.F. Hodgdon, Timothy Remick; printer, J.Q.A. Soppin; shoemaker, George Tasker; wheelwrights, Joseph Mathes, Daniel Jenness. 

Merchants – J.F. Hart, Dan. Cockery, J.D. Willey, Looney & Downes; fancy goods, Mrs. Ira S. Knox, Mrs. J.F. Hart; ice, Granite State Ice Company; millinery, Mrs. C.M. Roberts.

Milton Mills – Postmaster & Ex. Agent – E.W. Fox.

Churches – Adv., C.S. Shattuck, Joseph Spinney; Cong., C.F. Goldsmith; F. Bap., H.P. Mansur; Meth., W.C. Bartlett. 

Hotel & Livery Stables – Central House, C. Remick; Centennial House, J.W. Prescott.

Lawyer & Ins. Ag’t – E.F. Cloutman. 

Manufacturers – carriages and wheelwrights, John Brackett, A.O. Prescott; clothing, Asa Jewett; flannels, Waumbeck Manuf’g Co.; felt cloth, piano and table covers, D.H. Buffum & Co.; picture frames, E.A. Hargraves; plows, W.F. Cutts; saddle housings, L.B. Roberts; soap, E.G. Chamberlain; rubber linings, table and piano covers, Townsend & Co.; washing powder, E.J. Brierley. 

Mechanics – blacksmiths, Ebenezer Osgood, Nathaniel Rines, S.F. Rines, S.R. Runnells, John W. Brierley; carpenters, J.F. Titcomb, E.S. Simes, A.A. Fox, S. Hooper, A.B. Shaw, H. Wentworth, O. Wentworth, G.E. Simes, O.T. Fox; dress makers, Cora Lord, Mrs. Jewett; dyer, J.H. Whiteside; hair dresser, E.A. Hargrave; hair worker, Mrs. E.W. Balentine; harness makers, A. Sanborn & Son; jeweler, Wm. H. Jones; masons, J.G. Rines, Wm. Miller; (stone) E. Richards; painters, E.C. Abbott, C.E. Drew, J.R. Butler; photographer, F.R. Baker; plummer and roofer, J.D. Villars; printer, E.T. Libby; shoemakers, G.W. Merrill, W. Otterway, J.H. Charnley, John W. Hanson; tailor, B.F. Albee; undertaker, J Brackett. 

Merchants – Asa Fox & Son, A.A. Fox & Co., J.U. Simes, Ira Miller; carriages, J.F. & G.E. Hart; clothing, A. Jewett & Co.; confectionery, A.E. Hargraves, W.F. Hargraves; coffins and caskets, J. Brackett; dry goods, G.S. Lovering, F. Roberts; drugs and medicines, A.W. Low; fancy goods, Miss M.A. Berry, fish, J.F. Archibald, E. Trefethen; groceries, F.H. Lowd, J. Lewis, E.J. Brierley; jewelry, E.T. Libbey; millinery, Augusta Berry; millinery and fancy goods, Mrs. J.W. Prescott; periodicals, E.W. Fox, E.A. Hargraves; provisions, C.S. Lowd, J.E. Hayes; stoves and tin ware, Murray Bros. 

Miscellaneous – conveyancer, claim and collection agent, E.W. Fox; nurseryman, John Copp.

Physicians – J.С. Buck, C.W. Gross, M.K. Cowell, W.E. Pillsbury; dentist, E.G. Reynolds.

Previous in sequence: Milton Businesses in 1880; next in sequence: Milton Businesses in 1882.

References:

Claremont Stationary Company. (1881). The New Hampshire Register, Farmer’s Almanac and Business Directory, for 1881. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=k5IBAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA124

Milton’s Arithmetic Textbooks of 1878

By Muriel Bristol | October 31, 2018

An advertisement from the New-England Journal of Education issue of July 4, 1878, mentions the mathematics textbooks adopted for use in the Milton public district schools, or “common” schools. (Milton is included in the list of “Adopted For” towns (bolding added)).

The Milton School Superintendents of 1876 were M.V.B. Cook, J.N. Lowell, Freeman H. Lowd.

In 1880, Martin V.B. Cook was a farmer, aged forty-one years, John N. Lowell was a [Congregational] clergyman, aged thirty-three years, and Freeman H. Lowd was a bookkeeper, aged thirty-two years. (When they were superintendents, in 1876, they would have been aged 37, 29, and 28 years, respectively).

In 1880, Milton had about 260 inhabitants who had “attended school within the last year.”

WHITE’S ARITHMETICS.

Graded School Series Uniting Mental and Written Arithmetic in a Natural System of Instruction.

BY E.E. WHITE, A.M., Pres’t of Purdue University

PRICES.

  1. Special Exchange Price – For supplies for first introduction into schools in exchange for the corresponding old books of other series in use in the schools.
  2. Special Introduction Price – for supplies for first introduction into schools where not already in use.
  3. Regular Program – For supplies, not for first introduction, sent by express or freight on receipt of price by mall. If by mail, one-sixth must be added to cover postage.

Single Sample Copies to Teachers and School Officers will sent be post-paid, on receipt of Introduction price, with express understanding that they are for examination with a view to first introduction.

  • White’s Primary Arithmetic, $0.13 [Exchange], $0.17 [Introduction], $0.22 [Regular]
  • White’s Intermediate Arithmetic, $0.21 [Exchange], $0.28 [Introduction], $0.35 [Regular]
  • White’s Complete Arithmetic, $0.40 [Exchange], $0.52 [Introduction], $0.65 [Regular]

The Intermediate and Complete are published WITH and WITHOUT Answers, same price.

IN CLOTH BINDING

  • White’s Primary Arithmetic, $0.18 [Exchange], $0.25 [Introduction], $0.30 [Regular]
  • White’s Intermediate Arithmetic, $0.25 [Exchange], $0.35 [Introduction], $0.45 [Regular]
  • White’s Complete Arithmetic, $0.45 [Exchange], $0.60 [Introduction], $0.75 [Regular]. The Edition in Cloth is WITH Answers.
  • White’s Manual of Arithmetic, Key to Intermediate and Complete, $0.75 [Introduction], $0.75 [Regular]

Superior in the following Important particulars:

  • Superior Mental and Written Arithmetic combined in a philosophical manner.
  • White’s Arithmetic faithfully embody the Inductive Method.
  • Carefully graded, and no space wasted by useless repetitions.
  • Problems sufficiently numerous, varied, progressive, and practical.
  • Adapted to the present position of science, education, and business.
  • Useless and obsolete subjects omitted.
  • Best treatment of Common and Decimal Fractions.
  • Most extensive treatment of business transactions.
  • New and interesting matter in the applications of Percentage.
  • Remarkably simple methods for Equations of Accounts. – approved and used by business men.
  • Attractive typography and Illustrations.
  • Economy of time, labor, and money by use of White’s Arithmetics

ADOPTED FOR

Springfield, Mass., Bangor, Me., Augusta, Me., Calais, Me., Amesbury, Mass., W. Medway, Mass., Wareham, Mass., Peabody, Mass., Blackstone, Mass., Searsport, Me., Wolfboro, N.H., Laconia, N.H., Cumberland, R.I., Walpole, Mass., East Machias, Me., Gloucester, Mass., Lawrence, Mass., Waterville, Me., Hampton, N.H., Newmarket, N.H., Richmond, Me., Wellfleet, Mass., Pittsfield, N.H., Leominster, Mass., North Adams, Mass., Rockport, Mass., Groveton, N.H., Natick, Mass., Newmarket, N.H., Hiram, Me., Newport, N.H., Lewiston, Me., Newton, Mass., Hancock, N.H., Northboro, Mass., Great Falls, N.H., Ayer, Mass., Easton, Mass., Hopkinton, Mass., Brookfield, Mass., Stoughton, Mass., Milltown, Me., Rochester, N.H., Milford, N.H., Orange, Mass., Salmon Falls, N.H., Milbury, Mass., Auburn, Me., Marblehead, Mass., Nantucket, Mass., Grantville, Mass., Reading, Mass., Littleton, N.H., Marlboro, N.H., Gonic, N.H., London, N.H., Lisbon, N.H., Foxboro, Mass., Greenfield, Mass., South Paris, Me., Milton, N.H., Westerly, R.I., W. Brookfield, Mass.,

New York City, Memphis, Des Moines, La Fayette, Ind., Iowa City, Sioux City, New Albany, Ind., South Bend, Ind., Chilichoothe, O., Richmond, Va., Akron, O., Fond du Lac, Omaha, Little Rock, Wooster, O., Ottumwa, Tiffin, 0., Carbondale, Ill., Houston, Tex., Appleton, Wis., Jefferson City, Terre Haute, Ottawa, Kn, Seymour, Ind., Owensboro, Ky., Warren, O., Oberlin, O., Columbus, O., Bloomington, Ill., Logansport, Denver, Toledo, Burlington, Ia., Paris, Ky., Youngstown, O., Springfield, O.,

And Five Hundred Other Cities and Towns.

White’s Arithmetics are favorites in the Normal Schools; they are used in the following, among other important State and City Normals:

Maine State Normal, Farmington; Michigan State Normal; Nebraska Sate Normal; Pennsylvania State Normal, Edinboro; Kansas State Normal, Emporia; Minnesota State Normal, St. Cloud; North Missouri State Normal, Indiana State Normal, Terre Haute; Northern Illinois Normal University; Ohio Central Normal School; Western Ohio Normal, Euphemia; Denver Norm. and Clas. School; Normal Dept. Howard University; Rhode Island State Normal; New York State Normal, Albany; Maryland State Normal; Penn’a State Normal, Shippensburg; Minnesota State Normal, Wissun; Wisconsin State Normal, Platteville; South Missouri State Normal; North Indiana Normal, Valparaiso; Northwestern Ohio Normal; National Normal, Lebanon, O.; Galipelle (Ohio) Normal School; Helena (Ark.) Normal Academy; Moravia (town) Normal School;

And Private Schools and Academies generally.

VAN ANTWERP, BRAGG & Co., Publishers, Cincinnati and New York

References:

NE Journal of Education. (1878, July 4). White’s Arithmetics. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=o-s6AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA17

White, Emerson Elbridge. (1858). A Primary Arithmetic. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=VzgMAAAAYAAJ

White, Emerson Elbridge. (1876). An Intermediate Arithmetic. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=pXoWAAAAYAAJ

White, Emerson Elbridge. (1870). A Complete Arithmetic. Retrieved from books.google.com/books?id=BngZAAAAYAAJ

Wikipedia. (2018, October 31). Common School. Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_school

Wikipedia. (2018, October 21). Normal School. Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_school